Investigation of various types of industrial greenhouse structures
In this article, we review the types of greenhouse structures that can be implemented in Iran and avoid describing traditional wooden greenhouses that have no place in the growing greenhouse industry. To study greenhouse structures, we must pay attention to the fact that the greenhouse is a production and commercial, scientific and industrial unit and should not be viewed as a traditional agricultural unit. In order to invest in any business and industry, conducting economic and technical studies and having scientific and technical experiences to succeed in that business is inevitable, or if we do not have expertise, experience and knowledge in industry (especially the greenhouse industry), we must Active and specialized companies helped firstly to reduce the risk of failure and secondly to increase production per unit area.
Some of the most important benefits of greenhouse cultivation
- Production in all seasons and off-season
- Effective control of pests and diseases
- The crop grown in the greenhouse is 10 to 12 times higher than the crop grown in the open air, which increases crop production per unit area.
- Less water requirement and more controllable
- Ability to make plants resistant
- Economical and cost-effective production
- Possibility of soilless cultivation (hydroponics)
Now that we understand the importance of the greenhouse and its specialization as other industries and even more, we will examine the types of greenhouse structures. In this article, we intend to describe the most common and widely used types of industrial and commercial greenhouse structures that are somehow classified in greenhouses based on the type of cover.
Types of greenhouse structures are generally classified in several ways:
- According to their use
- According to their shape and structure
- Based on the type of cover
- Based on the type of production
Types of widely used greenhouse structures in Iran
- Spanish greenhouses
- Glass greenhouses
- Iranian greenhouses
- Tunnel greenhouses
Spanish and Spanish design greenhouses
These structures are classified into two categories of Spanish greenhouses and Spanish design greenhouses according to the parts, profiles, etc. used in the greenhouse structure. These structures can be applied with coatings such as plastic, polycarbonate and metal sheets, etc.
Differences between the structure of Spanish greenhouses and the Spanish design greenhouses:
When choosing Spanish greenhouses, it should be noted that these greenhouses have a high diversity and should not be selected and purchased only with the name of Spanish greenhouse and Spanish design greenhouse and without considering its technical specifications.
Mazrae Bekr Company intends to take a step towards transparency in this part of the greenhouse industry by categorizing and explaining, briefly, the styles and designs of Spanish greenhouses, so that customers can choose and buy the structure they want with complete information and awareness.
The structure of these greenhouses (Spanish greenhouse and Spanish design greenhouse) are like most of the structures produced by Mazrae Bekr, Multispan and Portable (fully assembled using bolts and nuts) with about 20 different textures and grids in the arms. Arched, detached arches, arc supports and other components are designed in both gothic and circular modes.
They are at least 6 meters high and have more strength and efficiency than other greenhouses.
The following figure shows an example of the difference between a Spanish greenhouse and a Spanish design greenhouse, and is provided in the pages for each structure.
Types of Spanish greenhouse structures and Spanish designs
You can see detailed information by searching on the website.
- 1. Gothic Spanish greenhouse structure
- 2. Imported Spanish greenhouse
- Greenhouse structure of Spanish circular design
Design and calculation of Spanish greenhouse structures
Choosing any style of Spanish greenhouses or Spanish design greenhouses requires a study of weather conditions, topography, soil type, etc. in the desired area.
The structure of Spanish greenhouses and Spanish design greenhouses in Mazrae Bekr Company according to the topography, climate and soil type of each region and equal to 76UNE-92/208, 284CEN / TC and 57NFU-063 standards and Iran and NGMA and American ECMC regulations (European Union of Steel Structures) with the best and most durable materials and designed by software and offers the most economical structure.
Spanish greenhouse structures in various designs are resistant to up to 90 kg / m2 of snow load, 130 km / s wind speed (provided the valves are closed) and 25 kg / m2 of product load.
Some of the benefits of Spanish greenhouses and Spanish design greenhouses
Eliminate droplets caused by moisture distillation inside the greenhouse (gothic and no wiring)
– Optimal use of sunlight
-Very convenient ventilation
– Strength and beauty
– Easier climate control (more air volume helps to reduce and increase temperature more slowly and less stress on the plant)
– Reducing the snow level of the structure in the highest clamp and the possibility of turning the greenhouse into several separate units for different crops
– Ability to run the valve in the head for better ventilation and also in the side walls
-Suitable for both cold and hot climates
-And the price is much more suitable than imported samples
Glass greenhouses
Glass greenhouses are one of the most expensive industrial greenhouses, but they are also one of the most durable.
– Integrated, with high ability to pass light and heat (these two features can be considered as both advantages and disadvantages of greenhouses with glass cover)
-Long life
– Ability to install a variety of equipment
– They have high efficiency in cold and low light areas
The glasses of these greenhouses are offered in Mazraeh Bekr Company in a simple, secure, single-walled, double-walled and scattered form and are placed and apply according to the customer’s choice (Tempered glass used in greenhouses due to its strength). It is higher) that these glasses are sealed with epdm tapes or with special adhesives.
Glass greenhouses can be produced and implemented in several forms: VENLO, WIDE SPAN, and Gear saw.
– Resistant to strong winds and snowfall.
– The standard dimensions of this type of greenhouse structures are 8 meters.
– Their height up to the gutter is 4 meters, 4.5 meters and 5.5 meters.
– The final height of the structure (highest clamp) is 5.50 meters, 6 meters and 6.30 meters.
Iranian greenhouse structures
- Type C
- Type B
- Type A
Iranian Type C, Gothic and Circular greenhouses
Iranian Type C greenhouses have four types of networking in handrails and bridges: simple, simple handrail, advanced and advanced handrail.
Iranian Type C greenhouse structure in two gothic and circular styles with multi-span and portable frame from other Iranian greenhouses, more resistant and designed with a higher height and better ventilation, which can be produced with widths of 8, 8.5 and 9 and a height of 6 meters.
The structure of these greenhouses has a good resistance, but its amount is less than the situation that is calculated and designed by the software, this resistance to wind and snow load, like most greenhouses in the country are designed without calculation to the region, which causes price It is more appropriate and of course the dependence of the strength of the greenhouse structure on the amount of heating and … the greenhouse space.
It should be noted that Mazrae Bekr Company also designs Iranian greenhouse structures in accordance with the standards and regulations of the United States and the European Union.
The resistance of these structures to wind is 90 km and to snow and equipment and product load up to 40 kg / m3.
The calculations are based on the regulations and standards of the US, NGMA and the European Union of Structures.
The roof covering is made of polyethylene with 5, 8 and 10% UV and additives such as IR, LD, EVA, etc.
The side walls are designed up to 100 cm of concrete wall and then with polycarbonate, depending on the conditions of the area.
It has a waiting room and wiring under the roof and lid of the electric roller shutter tractor and can be converted into several separate units for different crops and due to its suitable height, it is generally used for both soil and hydroponic cultivation methods.
In type C of Iranian greenhouses, the columns are made of hot-dip galvanized profile 80 * 80 with a distance of 3 meters from each other and a height of 4 meters.
And the diameter of the arches is 50 mm, the gutters are made of hot-dip galvanized sheets with a thickness of 2 mm with 5 bends.
The roof valves of these structures are about 15-20% of the roof and are made of hot-dip galvanized pipe 32 with rock, pinion and manual and electric gearbox. The power transfer from the gearbox motor to the pinions is done by hot-dip galvanized pipe 32 and the side valves are There are two models of roll-ups (manual and electric) or with rock and pinion.
Iranian greenhouses have the ability to install plastic cover on the walls.
It has a waiting room and wiring under the roof and the tractor lid has an electric shutter
It can be converted into several separate units for different cultures.
Due to its suitable height, it is generally used for both soil and hydroponic cultivation methods.
Iranian greenhouse type B circular
Iranian greenhouse type B has four types of grids in handles and bridges: simple, simple hand-held, advanced and advanced hand-held with circular structure (arc about semicircular), multi-span (multi-opening) and portable, with widths 8, 8.5, 9 and 5 meters high can be produced and done.
The resistance of structures to wind is up to 70 km and to live loads up to 30 kg / m2.
The resistance of these structures depends on the heating system being on and the valves being closed.
In type C of Iranian greenhouses, the columns are made of hot-dip galvanized profiles 70 * 70 and 60 * 60 with a distance of 3 meters from each other and a height of 4 meters, the diameter of the arches is 50 mm, the gutters are hot-dip galvanized sheets with a thickness of 2 mm with 4 bends. (In a way, it can be said that it is the most important connection in the greenhouse structure) They are designed and produced from galvanized sheets with a thickness of 3 and 2.5 mm.
The roof valves of these structures are about 15-20% of the roof and are made of hot-dip galvanized pipe 32 with rack, pinion and manual and electric gearbox. The power transfer from the gearbox motor to the pinions is done by hot-dip galvanized pipe 32 and the side valves in There are two models of roll-ups (manual and electric) or with rack and pinion.
Generally recommended for soil cultivation
The roof covering is made of polyethylene with 5, 8 and 10% UV and additives such as IR, LD, EVA, etc.
The side walls are designed up to 70 cm of concrete wall and then with polycarbonate, depending on the conditions of the area.
It can also install plastic cover on the walls.
Tunnel greenhouse structure (Quanset)
Other types of greenhouse structures include tunnel greenhouses. These structures are designed in approximate dimensions of 6 to 12 meters in width and 2 to 4 in height, depending on the desired product, climate and topography of the region, etc.
Tunnel greenhouses are mostly used for cultivating aloe vera, houseplants, seasonal and perennial flowers, medicinal plants and the like, but due to the low cost of these structures, summer crops are also cultivated with soil (of course, with a suitable height).
Due to the smaller size of the tunnel, the tunnel greenhouse heats up faster than other greenhouses, consumes less fuel, and is also ventilated faster.
Types of tunnel greenhouse structures include: Quanset, Quanset with base, Continuous tunnel, Gothic arch, Gothic with base and Quanset of Chinese design. In these structures, the material, the thickness of the pipes used, the design and the type of grid and bridges are considered in the designs.
Mazrae Bekr Company designs and introduces a suitable structure according to the purpose, tastes, type of product selected and weather conditions in the region, which facilitates and quality in cultivation, reasonable price with appropriate quality, compatibility of equipment required with the structure, etc. .and will also provide relative comfort and tranquility in bad weather conditions.
By clicking on any style of tunnel structures, you can get more comprehensive information about these structures:
- Half-base Gothic tunnel greenhouse
- Conventional tunnel greenhouses
- Semicircular tunnel
- Quantum China Design
- Gothic tunnel greenhouse
